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Authors
Hossain, Md Awlad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8591-0753
Tat, Huam Hon https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8450-4131
Rahman, Azmawani Abd
Balo, Bidyut Kumer
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Article History
Received: 6 March 2026
Accepted: 12 June 2026
First Online: 23 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval: This study is an extension of the Corresponding author’s doctoral thesis, which received ethical approval from the RMC Putra Business School Ethics Committee (Approval Number: PBS/PhD/PBS21204186, dated 19 June 2024). Additional data collection and inclusion of new variables were conducted under the scope of this approved protocol. All research procedures were carried out in accordance with the ethical guidelines and regulations of Putra Business School, Malaysia, and the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
Consent to participate: Informed consent was obtained from all the participants included in the study.
Consent for publication: Not applicable. The manuscript does not include identifiable personal data
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Declarations of AI: In this work, ChatGPT was just used for language editing and grammatical correction. The author or authors are responsible for all publication content. The usage complies with the editorial guidelines of Springer Nature.
