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Article History

Received: 6 March 2026

Accepted: 16 June 2026

First Online: 21 June 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The Ethical Review Committee at the Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation, Ehime University, leaves the decision as to whether to submit a study for ethics review to the discretion of the researcher. Accordingly, the authors did not submit this study for formal ethics review because it used anonymous questionnaire and interview surveys and did not collect personally identifiable information. In addition, the authors completed the eAPRIN course provided by the Association for the Promotion of Research Integrity (APRIN) and conducted the study in accordance with its research ethics guidelines. Participation was voluntary, and informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to completing the survey.

: Not applicable.