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Authors
Abdulwahab, Areej M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7756-5796
Jameel, Abeer Khudhur
Qasim, Gofran J.
Amir, Muhammad https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1782-2265
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Article History
Received: 7 January 2026
Accepted: 22 June 2026
First Online: 9 July 2026
Declarations
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: The research protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq. All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained electronically from all individual participants included in the study. Participation was voluntary, and respondents were informed about the purpose of the research, anonymity of responses, and their right to withdraw at any time.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
