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Authors
Arfan, Amal
Rakib, Muhammad
Sanusi, Wahidah
Sukri, Irwansyah
Juanda, Muhammad Faisal
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Research and Innovation Agency (-)
Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education (-)
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Article History
Received: 20 April 2026
Accepted: 31 August 2026
First Online: 6 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This research was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles set forth in the Declaration of Helsinki and the guidelines of the Ethics Committee of the Institute for Research and Community Service (LPPM) at Universitas Negeri Makassar . The research protocol for the study titled “An Integrated Strategy for the Sustainable Development of Mangrove Ecosystems in the Mamminasata Coastal Area, South Sulawesi, Indonesia” was approved by the Ethics Committee of the LPPM at Universitas Negeri Makassar, with approval number 70/DST/UN36.12/TU/2026. All research procedures were conducted on a voluntary basis, and informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. The confidentiality and anonymity of respondents were strictly maintained throughout the study, and this research posed no physical, social, or psychological risks to the participants. Informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in this study.
Consent for publication: All participants provided consent for the publication of the research findings in anonymous and aggregate form. No personally identifiable information about the participants is included in this manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
