Thamrin, Umar
Article History
Received: 2 April 2025
Accepted: 24 October 2025
First Online: 25 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study does not involve human or animal participants; therefore, ethics approval was not required.
: As this study does not involve human participants, informed consent to participate was not applicable.
: The manuscript does not contain data from any individual person; therefore, consent to publish is not applicable.