Shamroukh, Mohamed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1005-2600
Natapov, Asya https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7654-1864
Larimian, Taimaz https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5346-2303
Funding for this research was provided by:
UK Government’s Towns Fund
Article History
Received: 24 November 2025
Revised: 7 May 2026
Accepted: 16 August 2026
First Online: 5 October 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable’.
Competing interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.