Hanumantha, Ravi
Rathna, Suma Gubbi
Prakash, Bhavana Gubbi
Article History
Received: 10 September 2025
Accepted: 6 January 2026
First Online: 22 January 2026
Declarations
:
: This study is based exclusively on secondary geospatial and groundwater quality datasets obtained from publicly available sources and does not involve human or animal subjects. No human participants were involved in this study.
: The manuscript does not include any individual-level data, images, or identifiable information.
: The authors declare no competing interests.