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Authors
Yazawa, Taishi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-0803
Sato, Jin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3594-5138
Ngoksilp, Giranooch https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1494-2694
Watanabe, Mai https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4215-3175
Yamazaki, Dai https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6478-1841
Tangsinmunkong, Pattajit https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1430-8551
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (21H05179)
Asahi Glass Foundation
Toyota Foundation (D24-N-0045)
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Article History
Received: 11 November 2025
Accepted: 9 February 2026
First Online: 12 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study involved only social surveys, interviews, and publicly available datasets, and did not include any medical or clinical experiments on human subjects. According to the institutional regulations of the Institute of Industrial Science, the University of Tokyo, this type of research is exempt from formal review by an institutional ethics committee. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines and regulations. All participants were informed about the aims of the study and the voluntary nature of their participation, and informed consent was obtained from all respondents prior to data collection.
: Not applicable in this paper.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
