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Article History

Received: 9 July 2025

Accepted: 9 December 2025

First Online: 28 December 2025

Declarations

:

: Not applicable. This study is based on publicly available data and simulation modeling and does not involve human participants or animals. Not applicable. No human subjects were involved in this research.

: Not applicable. The manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form. During the preparation of this paper, the authors used the ’Toggle Writefull toolbar’ in Overleaf LaTex software to improve English writing. After using this tool, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and assumed full responsibility for the content of the publication.

: The authors declare no competing interests.