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Authors
Amena, Berhanu Tolessa
Seifu, Yared
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Article History
Received: 14 February 2025
Accepted: 28 October 2025
First Online: 24 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study did not involve human participants, animals, or clinical trials. All materials used were sourced from industrial or agricultural waste, and no ethical approval was required.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
