Aziz, Dara M.
Muhammad, Dana S.
Nofal, Muaffaq M.
Mohammed, Pshko A.
Radha, Fuad H.
Aziz, Shujahadeen B.
Sangaraju, Sambasivam
Article History
Received: 28 September 2025
Accepted: 19 February 2026
First Online: 9 March 2026
Declarations
:
: This study did not involve human participants or animals. All experiments were conducted using commercially available materials and laboratory-based synthesis and characterization techniques. Therefore, ethical approval was not required for this work.
: Not applicable. This study does not involve human participants.
: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form.
: The authors declare no competing interests.