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Authors
Albostami, Asad S. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-6380
Hijazi, Amer A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3335-6850
Alzabeebee, Saif
Al Marahla, Razan H.
Al-Hamd, Rwayda Kh. S.
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Article History
Received: 27 March 2026
Accepted: 16 June 2026
First Online: 2 July 2026
Declarations
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: This study did not involve human participants, animals, or clinical investigations. Therefore, ethical approval was not required for the experimental and modelling work conducted in this research.
: The authors consent to the publication of this manuscript and approve its submission to the journal.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
