Zhang, Siqi
Zhang, Xinjing https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8981-8946
Wang, Runze
Jing, Yu
Yang, Yuting
Huang, Saisong
Xu, Yujie
Chen, Haisheng
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52376040)
Nanjing New Research and Development Institutions Joint Technology Research Project (202304008)
Beijing Nova Program (2023048447)
National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFB2406500)
The International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (117GJHZ2023093MI, 117GJHZ2024010MI)
Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDAXDA0400100)
Article History
Received: 15 July 2025
Revised: 16 September 2025
Accepted: 25 September 2025
First Online: 14 October 2025
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: All authors agree to the publication of this manuscript.
: HC is an editorial board member for Carbon Neutrality and was not involved in the editorial review, or the decision to publish this article. All authors declare that there are no competing interests.