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Authors
Saleem, Anam
Anwar, Sobia
Saud, Shah
Kamal, Tariq
Fahad, Shah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7525-0296
Nawaz, Taufiq
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Article History
Received: 27 May 2025
Accepted: 13 August 2025
First Online: 27 August 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests. I Dr Shah Fahad declare no competing interests. I am working as an editor in the Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Applied Sciences. To enhance and improve the quality of the English language used throughout the manuscript, the author(s) also employed the premium versions of Quill Bot, REF-N-Write and Word tune. Following the use of these tools and services, the author(s) meticulously reviewed and edited the content as necessary, ensuring accuracy, coherence, and originality. The author(s) take full responsibility for the content of the publication and affirm that the final manuscript accurately reflects their intended research and insights.
