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Article History

Received: 20 March 2025

Accepted: 25 August 2025

First Online: 30 September 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The researchers of this work follow the most stringent ethical norms. The Arba Minch University School of Graduate Studies Doctoral Programs Coordination Office has provided us with appropriate ethical letters to begin the research activities (Ref No. Mgmt/109/16). The study adhered to all applicable legal and ethical requirements.

: All participants were informed of the purpose of the study, the use of the data collected, how data collection was carried out, how participant anonymity was protected, how they could ask questions, how they could withdraw their agreement at any moment without facing consequences, and the advantages of the research. Hence, informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

: Not applicable.