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Article History

Received: 4 September 2025

Accepted: 20 January 2026

First Online: 31 January 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the College of Human Sciences Research Ethics Review Committee (reference number: 60828188_CREC_CHS_2022). Permission to conduct the study was also obtained from the local council and the Department of Health in Gauteng Province, South Africa (NHRD No: GP_202211_072). All procedures performed in this study involving participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

: Informed consent was obtained from all the participants included in the study. Participants were fully informed about the study's purpose, procedures, potential risks, and benefits, as well as their right to withdraw at any time without penalty. All participants provided written informed consent prior to the interviews being conducted.

: The participants were informed that the data collected, which was anonymised and de-identified using numbers instead of the participants' real names, would be used for publication in a scientific journal. By providing written informed consent, participants agreed to the publication of the research findings, provided their anonymity was maintained. The authors affirm that this manuscript does not contain any personal information or images that could lead to the identification of the participants.

: The authors declare no conflict of interest.