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Authors
López-Herrera, Francisco
Jiménez, Jaime González Maiz
Santiago, Adán Reyes
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Article History
Received: 11 April 2025
Accepted: 8 July 2025
First Online: 27 August 2025
Declarations
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: This research did not involve human participants or experimental animals. All data used in this study were obtained from publicly available financial market sources. The research was conducted in accordance with established ethical guidelines for academic research and publication.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
