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Article History

Received: 6 August 2025

Accepted: 4 February 2026

First Online: 20 February 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Abu Dhabi University, College of Engineering (File Number: CoE–22-05-00017, approval date: May 16, 2022) and conducted in accordance with institutional guidelines and the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Informed consent was obtained from all participants (all were above 16 years old). Participation was voluntary, and informed consent was obtained from all participants. All participants were above 16 years old, and their data were anonymized to ensure privacy and confidentiality.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: Not applicable.