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Article History

Received: 17 November 2025

Accepted: 13 February 2026

First Online: 4 March 2026

Declarations

:

: Not applicable. This study does not involve human participants, human data, human tissue, or animal subjects. All analyses employ simulation-based computational experiments using publicly accessible theoretical frameworks and synthetic regional parameters. No ethics committee approval was required or obtained. Not applicable. This computational modeling study does not involve human participants requiring informed consent.

: Not applicable. This study does not contain individual person data requiring consent for publication.

: The author declares no competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this paper.