Kelkay, Jenberu Mekurianew
Kidie, Desalegn Mitiku
Gessesse, Abraham Dessie
Tegegne, Kaleab Tesfaye
Asgai, Addisu Simachew
Wubante, Sisay Maru
Haile, Elsabeth Alemayehu
Hailu, Simon Zemenfes
Anjulo, Mussie Tsegaye
Asfeha, Natnael Fitsum https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9591-3165
Yiheyis, Meseret Mulugeta
Gemeda, Adugna Tadesse
Mehari, Yohana Moges
Adugna, Lidya Fekadu https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0150-2234
Anteneh, Deje Sendek
Article History
Received: 1 December 2025
Accepted: 11 March 2026
First Online: 28 March 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable. The Ethiopia DHS data was used, publicly available on the DHS website ( ) , with the committee’s full permission and agreement. We committed carefully to all DHS approval guidelines. The methodology of the study complies with pertinent standards and is available after registering and making a legitimate request.
: The publishing consent was not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.