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Authors
Birhanu, Ermiyas Tsehay https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0637-4735
Tefera, Getachew Worku
Tilwani, Shouket Ahmad
Terefe, Bekalu
Shiferaw, Yimer Gobezie
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Article History
Received: 16 October 2025
Accepted: 12 March 2026
First Online: 12 April 2026
Declarations
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: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Woldia University (Protocol No. WU/IRB/04/17), in accordance with the ethical standards outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and the Ethiopian National Research Ethics Review Guidelines. Permission to use and adapt the Artificial Intelligence Literacy Scale (AILS) was obtained from the corresponding author of the original instrument.
: Not applicable. The study does not include any individual person’s data in any form.
: Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to participation. Participants were informed about the study’s purpose, voluntary nature, and their right to withdraw without penalty. All responses were confidential and used solely for research purposes.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: At the time this study was conducted, the first and fifth authors were staff members of Woldia University. Following the submission of the manuscript to the journal, both authors transferred to Injibara University, where they are currently employed as academic staff members.
