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Article History

Received: 31 October 2025

Accepted: 22 April 2026

First Online: 11 May 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, Thailand (Ethics approval no. R.807/2024). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided written informed consent after being informed of the study purpose, their right to withdraw, and that their data would be anonymized and used solely for academic research.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.