Nasaoui, Hakim
Bellamine, Insaf
Silkan, Hassan
Article History
Received: 27 December 2025
Accepted: 12 May 2026
First Online: 30 May 2026
<scp>Declarations</scp>
Conflict of Interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Ethical approval: This study does not involve human participants, animals, or biological materials. The research is based on the publicly available COCO dataset and computational experiments. Therefore, ethical approval was not required.
Consent to participate: Not applicable. This study does not involve human participants.
Consent to publish: Not applicable. This study does not contain any individual person’s data in any form.