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Article History

Received: 6 February 2026

Accepted: 29 May 2026

First Online: 27 June 2026

Declarations

:

: This study is based on a publicly available dataset and does not involve direct interaction with human participants or collection of identifiable personal data. Therefore, ethical approval was not required. As the study utilizes secondary data from a publicly accessible repository and does not involve human subject participation.

: Not applicable, as no individual-level or identifiable participant data is included in this study.

: The authors declare no competing interests.