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Article History

Received: 26 May 2026

Accepted: 8 September 2026

First Online: 12 September 2026

Declarations

Ethical approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. This study does not involve human participants, patient data, animal subjects, or personally identifiable private data. The experiment uses publicly available benchmark data and model-generated outputs.

Consent to participate: Not applicable.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The author declares no known personal, financial, or organizational conflicts of interest that could have influenced the work reported in this study.

Use of large language models: Large Language Models were used as experimental components in this study for answer generation, claim verification, and automated judging, as described in the methodology. The author remains fully responsible for the study design, analysis, interpretation, and final manuscript.