Xu, Kandi
Lin, Wenhao
Zhao, Lishu
Wang, Hao
Liu, Xinyue
Liu, Yujin
Ye, Li
Zhang, Wengang
Chen, Zhimin
Chen, Xuyang
Li, Yujie
Zhang, Qianqian
Zhao, Wencheng
Chen, Lu
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFF0705300)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFF1201200)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFF1200900)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52272281)
Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (2021SHZDZX0100)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Health Industry Clinical Research Project
Clinical Research Project of Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital (FKLY20010)
Young Talents in Shanghai (2019QNBJ)
Shanghai Shuguang Scholar
2021 Science and Technology Think Tank Youth Talent Plan of China Association for Science and Technology
‘Dream Tutor’ Outstanding Young Talents Program (fkyq1901)
Article History
Received: 12 December 2024
Revised: 17 November 2025
Accepted: 19 November 2025
First Online: 14 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (as revised in 2013). The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board from Ruijin Hospital (No.: 2024–161). Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.