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Authors
Ishido, Keita
Hayashi, Mikio
Poudel, Saseem https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8093-2101
Kiriyama, Kotoe
Kurashima, Yo
Hirano, Satoshi
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Article History
Received: 13 June 2025
Revised: 16 July 2025
Accepted: 4 August 2025
First Online: 16 August 2025
Declarations
:
: None.
: The study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University (application number R04-017).
: All participants received an explanation of the study’s purpose and content and provided written informed consent. They were also informed that all collected data would be kept confidential and that they could withdraw their consent at any time.
: Not applicable. No individual patient data, images, or videos are included in this manuscript.
: The authors declare that no generative AI or AI-assisted technologies were used in the writing or editing of this manuscript.
