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Article History

Received: 17 August 2024

Accepted: 9 September 2025

First Online: 30 October 2025

Declarations

:

: This study did not involve any animal testing. The sensory evaluation of fryums was conducted with voluntary human participants affiliated with Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. As per institutional guidelines, ethical clearance was not required. The Institutional Ethics Committee assessed the study and confirmed that it did not meet the criteria for formal ethical review. The study was conducted in accordance with all relevant national and institutional ethical standards, including the Declaration of Helsinki (1964) and its later amendments. Informed consent was obtained from all participants, and from parents or legal guardians for those under 16 years of age. All participants were informed of the study objectives, procedures, their right to withdraw at any time, and the voluntary nature of their participation.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

: The authors declare no competing interests.