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Authors
Chaker, Khadijah https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6918-5379
Tlais, Sami https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8666-0717
Al Khatib, Ali https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0016-5940
Hamdan, Rasha https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3602-7283
HajjHussein, Hassan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9467-3254
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Article History
Received: 13 March 2025
Accepted: 19 September 2025
First Online: 14 October 2025
Declarations
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: The protocol was approved by the Departmental Ethics Committee of the Lebanese International University, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the institutional guidelines. The use of plant materials (vetch seeds, Vicia sativa) complied with all relevant local and national regulations. No special permissions or licenses were needed to use these commercially available materials.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: The authors affirm that all participants provided consent for publication of the data and results presented in this manuscript.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
