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Authors
Shourove, Jahid Hasan
Kazi, Ataur Rahman
Emon, Forhad Uddin
Islam, G. M. Rabiul
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Article History
Received: 18 April 2025
Accepted: 30 September 2025
First Online: 29 October 2025
Declarations
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: The collection of Khasia betel leaves used in this study complied with all applicable local and national regulations. No permits were required for sample collection as it is not classified as a protected or endangered species.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
