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Article History

Received: 26 June 2025

Accepted: 20 January 2026

First Online: 2 February 2026

Declarations

:

: Human subjects were involved in this research while conducting a questionnaire survey with coastal farmers. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Central Queensland University Human Research Ethics Committee (CQUniversity HREC) in accordance with the National Statement on Ethical Conduct in Human Research (Australia) and all relevant institutional guidelines and regulations (HREC approval number 0000023083). Prior to participation, all respondents were provided with a written participant information sheet explaining the purpose of the study, procedures, potential risks and benefits, confidentiality, and voluntary nature of participation. Informed consent was obtained from all participants before data collection commenced. To ensure full comprehension, interviews were conducted in Bengali, and participants provided informed consent after having the opportunity to ask questions and receive clarification.

: Not applicable. No individual-level identifying data are included in this manuscript.

: The authors declare no competing interests.