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Authors
Radmand, Hafizullah https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9778-4741
Rezaei, Habibullah https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1176-5790
Keramatzadeh, Ali https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7470-4578
Eshraghi, Farshid https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7434-4816
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Article History
Received: 11 August 2025
Accepted: 12 March 2026
First Online: 16 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study involved human subjects. The protocol was approved by Samangan University’s Research Ethics Committee (Reference number SUREC-14040225, dated 28 February 2025), in accordance with the university’s guidelines. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Participants were informed that the survey was anonymous, participation was voluntary, and they could withdraw at any time without consequence.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
