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Article History

Received: 13 January 2026

Accepted: 29 May 2026

First Online: 8 June 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study obtained ethical approval from the Department of Economics, College of Business and Economics, Arba Minch University, in accordance with institutional research ethics standards. Prior to data collection, voluntary, verbal, and informed consent was obtained from all participants after explaining the study objectives and response confidentiality. All data were anonymized and handled confidentially to protect participant privacy.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.