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Article History

Received: 4 September 2025

Accepted: 22 January 2026

First Online: 8 February 2026

Declarations

:

: This study is a non-interventional survey conducted in strict accordance with all relevant ethical standards and guidelines, including the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval for this research was granted by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City (ERB Approval Code: 18/GXN). All participants were fully informed about the study’s purpose, data confidentiality, anonymity, and their voluntary right to participate or withdraw at any time. Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. The study design ensured no physical or psychological risks to participants, and all procedures adhered to ethical principles to protect the rights and welfare of the research subjects.

: All participants provided informed consent for their anonymized data to be used for research and publication purposes prior to participation in the study. No identifiable personal information was collected or included in this manuscript. Therefore, consent for publication of individual data or images was not required.

: The authors report there are no competing interests to declare.