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Article History

Received: 13 January 2025

Accepted: 16 March 2026

First Online: 4 April 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the university of Cady Ayyad faculty of medicine and pharmacy Marrakech under approval number: 024/20. Given that the study involved individuals with schizophrenia, special care was taken to ensure the protection of participants’ rights and well-being throughout the research process.

: All participants provided written informed consent prior to inclusion in the study. Considering the vulnerability of individuals with schizophrenia, the consent procedure included: explanation of study objectives in Moroccan Arabic, assessment of participants’ capacity to understand the study, assurance that participation was voluntary, clarification that refusal would not affect their care and the opportunity to withdraw at any time without consequences. Confidentiality and anonymity were strictly maintained.

: Participants were informed that de-identified data would be used for scientific publication. Written consent for publication of de-identified data was obtained. All authors have seen and approved the submitted version of the article.

: The authors declare no competing interests.