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Authors
Feng, Tingwei
Zhang, Guimin
Wang, Buyao
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
2025 Shaanxi Provincial Research Project (2025SF-YBXM-224)
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Article History
Received: 11 January 2026
Accepted: 12 May 2026
First Online: 19 May 2026
Declarations
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: All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Independent Ethics Committee of Hebei Hospital and with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol, design, and procedures were reviewed and approved by the Independent Ethics Committee of Hebei Hospital (No. HDFYLL-KY-2023–093).
: Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their inclusion in the study. The questionnaire was administered online via the Wenjuanxing application after participants had provided informed consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
