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Authors
Choi, Uk-Su
Kiyama, Sachiko
Sung, Yul-Wan
Fukunaga, Masaki
Ogawa, Seiji
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
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Article History
Received: 30 January 2026
Accepted: 16 June 2026
First Online: 21 June 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Tohoku Fukushi University (Approval No. RS190607) and was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their participation in the study. Participants were informed about the purpose of the study, the procedures involved, potential risks, and their right to withdraw from the study at any time without any negative consequences.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
: The submitted work has not been published elsewhere in any form or language (partially or in full).
