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Article History

Received: 27 November 2025

Revised: 22 February 2026

Accepted: 4 March 2026

First Online: 12 March 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: Before the study began, all participants obtained informed consent to take part in this research. This study was approved by the Committee of the College of Art and Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100091, China.

: In line with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki, all participants provided informed consent prior to participating in the study. The anonymity and confidentiality of participants are guaranteed, and participation was entirely voluntary.

: All authors have agreed to participate in the preparation and submission of this work.

: All authors consent to the publication of the submitted manuscript.