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Authors
Bulkhi, Adeeb A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5857-7097
Almoallim, Hani M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2582-8317
Obaid, Majed S. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0719-5632
Hariri, Nahla H. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0098-0187
Alqashqri, Hamsah S. https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7904-7795
Alghamdi, Ismail A.
Alkhotani, Amar Mohammad A. https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8376-7059
Siddiqui, Muhammad Irfanullah https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8610-5388
Adly, Heba M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9222-9149
Garout, Mohammed A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1317-1186
Elfaki, Elbagir A. https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7387-3271
Saleh, Saleh A. K. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9522-9198
Bakhsh, Noura Mohammed
Alhazmi, Raghda Sami Hassan H.
Alhazmi, Aous S.
Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5752-2235
Alamri, Fahad A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7336-162X
Khan, Anas A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5075-7392
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Article History
Received: 3 June 2025
Accepted: 25 July 2025
First Online: 7 August 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Biomedical Research Ethics Committee at Umm Al-Qura University (Approval No. HAPO-02-K-012-2024-10-2300). Verbal informed consent was documented at the beginning of the survey, after being briefed on the study’s purpose, procedures, and confidentiality measures. Participation was voluntary, and privacy was strictly maintained in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
