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Authors
Almasmoum, Hibah A.
Salaka, Afnan S.
Alamri, Imtinan Y.
Halabi, Waiel S.
Bokhari, Marwa M.
Hafiz, Mariah N.
Mujalli, Abdulrahman
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Article History
Received: 25 August 2025
Accepted: 29 September 2025
First Online: 17 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study used publicly available, deidentified data and did not require institutional review board approval under national regulations.
: All authors have approved the final manuscript and consent to its submission.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
