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Authors
Abdi, Yusuf Hared https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7224-2247
Abdullahi, Yakub Burhan https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8535-198X
Abdi, Mohamed Sharif https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0220-4014
Bashir, Sharmake Gaiye https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6900-9870
Ahmed, Naima Ibrahim https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9058-4807
Alin, Abdirahman Osman https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9882-3684
Ahmed, Mohamed Mustaf https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5991-4052
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Article History
Received: 24 May 2025
Accepted: 6 October 2025
First Online: 20 October 2025
Declarations
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: The analysis used de-identified, publicly available data from the 2020 SDHS, which adhered to internationally recognized ethical standards. The Institutional Review Board waived the need for ethical approval for secondary use was waived by the Institutional Review Board (IRB). Informed consent was obtained from the original survey by the DHS Program, and all responses were anonymized to ensure confidentiality and protect participants’ privacy.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
