Alsulami, Abdulsalam O
Al-Sharif, Hessa Awad
Habiballah, Saddiq
Helaby, Huda Ben
Ashshi, Ahmad Mohammad
Qutub, Mervat
Alyazidi, Raidan Mohammed
Alandijany, Thamir A.
Azhar, Esam I.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) at King Abdulaziz University (025/426, 025/426, 025/426, 025/426, 025/426, 025/426, 025/426, 025/426, 025/426)
Article History
Received: 30 July 2025
Accepted: 10 October 2025
First Online: 17 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The research has received approval from the appropriate ethical review board or institutional review committee. “This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of [King Abdulaziz University] (Approval No. [587 − 23]). Informed consent was obtained from all adult participants or from the patients’ parents or legal guardians prior to their involvement in the study.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.