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Authors
Tezera, Samuel Derso
Zelalem, Belayneh
Gedamu, Atsedemariam Nigus
Asefa, Shewatatek Melaku
Manirambona, Jean Claude
Mekonnen, Sefinew Alemu
Nauwelaers, Inne
Delputte, Peter
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
African Small Companion Animal Network, project of the Pro Salus Foundation
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Article History
Received: 30 October 2025
Accepted: 27 March 2026
First Online: 9 July 2026
Declarations
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: The study was ethically reviewed and approved by College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences Ethical Clearance Committee Ref. No. CVMAS/1042/2024, Date: January 10, 2024 in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed verbal consent was obtained from dog owners who volunteered to participate in the study and the data were analyzed and reported anonymously.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
