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Article History

Received: 6 July 2024

Accepted: 9 December 2024

First Online: 18 December 2024

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board ensuring agreement with ethical standards and guidelines for research involving human participants.

: I, Dr Sabir Zaman Lecturer psychology IIU is hereby confirm that the manuscript under title “From Childhood to Adulthood: Exploring the psychology of Vindictiveness and the Impacts of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Emotional Awareness, Hurts Feeling and Self-Esteem” was submitted for publication in Discover Psychology. The said manuscript was not submitted for publication elsewhere. I confirm that all co-authors, if any, have been informed of and agree to this publication.

: Consent was obtained from all participants involved in the study for both their participation and the publication of the research in a journal<b>.</b> The authors declare that they have no competing interests regarding the research conducted and the publication of its findings.

: The authors declare no competing interests.