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Article History

Received: 1 May 2025

Accepted: 20 August 2025

First Online: 30 September 2025

Declarations

:

: This study strictly followed Brazilian ethical guidelines for research involving human subjects, particularly Resolutions No. 466/2012 and No. 510/2016 of the Brazilian National Health Council (CNS). Considering that the study involved only non-invasive interviews with adult participants, did not collect sensitive or biomedical data, and presented minimal risk, it was exempt from submission to the research ethics committee system (CEP/CONEP), as stipulated in Official Letter No.17/2022/CONEP/SECNS/MS. Internationally, this exemption corresponds to Institutional Review Board (IRB) exemption protocols for minimal-risk studies. All participants were fully informed about the aims and procedures of the research and signed a written informed consent form before participating. Participation was voluntary, anonymity was guaranteed through coding, and data were securely stored in protected digital environments. The study also followed the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Therefore, all methods were carried out under relevant international and Brazilian guidelines and regulations.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.