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Article History

Received: 19 December 2024

Accepted: 27 October 2025

First Online: 25 November 2025

Declarations

:

: This research was approved by the Research Ethics Review Board, Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant ethical guidelines for research involving human subjects. Informed consent was obtained from all participants in the study, including assent from participating students and consent from their parents/guardians and teachers. All participants were informed of their right to withdraw without consequence.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.