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Article History

Received: 29 May 2025

Accepted: 13 November 2025

First Online: 19 November 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical review and approval were waived for this study in accordance with the Ethical Guidelines for Human Research issued by the National Research Council of Thailand, as the research involved anonymous and voluntary participation through online and offline questionnaires and posed minimal risk to participants. According to these guidelines, formal approval from a human research ethics committee is not required for this type of minimal-risk research. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. Participants were provided with clear information about the study’s purpose, procedures, confidentiality, and data handling. Participation was entirely voluntary, and consent was indicated by completing the questionnaire.

: Not applicable, as the study does not include any identifiable personal data, images, or case details that require individual consent for publication.

: The authors declare no competing interests.