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Authors
Liu, Yuxin
Qasim, Muhammad
Luo, Yang
Hussain, Azhar
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Social Science Fund of China (23BGL142)
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More Information
Article History
Received: 6 June 2025
Accepted: 23 December 2025
First Online: 3 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendation of the American Psychological Association (APA, 2002) ethical guidelines, Research Ethical Committee of Business School, University of International Business and Economics. The protocol was approved by the Research Ethical Committee of Business School, University of international Business and Economics. All subjects gave informed consent prior to participation in the study. All subjects could abort the stud.at any time.
: Not applicable.
: Informed consent was obtained from all respondents before the data collection.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
