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Article History

Received: 20 August 2025

Accepted: 2 February 2026

First Online: 10 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Review Committee for Research Involving Human Reseach Participants, Group I, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand, in accordance with the Belmont Report 1979, Research Ethics Committee (SREC) 2017, and National Policy and Guidelines for Human Research 2015. Approval number (COA No. 258/67).

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants, and anonymity was maintained throughout the study.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.