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Article History

Received: 5 March 2025

Accepted: 5 February 2026

First Online: 17 February 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee (Institutional Review Board) of Babcock University, Ilisan-Remo, Nigeria. All research protocols involving human participants were reviewed and approved prior to data collection. The study was conducted in accordance with relevant institutional, national, and international ethical guidelines and regulations governing research involving human participants.

: Not applicable. The study did not involve the publication of any identifying personal information or images of participants.

: Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their participation in the study. Participants were adequately informed about the purpose, procedures, potential risks, and benefits of the research, and participation was voluntary. No participants under the age of 16 were involved in the study; therefore, informed consent from parents or legally authorized representatives was not required.

: The authors declare no competing interests.